Road surfacing machine



June 16, 1959 J J, MADIS ON Em 2,890,632

ROAD SURFACING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 15, 1957 INVENTORS,James J. Madison W'Ison BY Fed B l I June 16, 1959 J. J. MADISON L ROADSURFACING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS, JamesJ. Madison i Fred B. Wllson 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 s R n 8/ mm mm i vll h EMWmw\ WMR I B I g N 4 llL| i fa v 1 B 1 v e 3 a mm mm a mm mm mm B June16, 1959 J. J. MADISON ETAL ROAD SURFACING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1957 wmm mm mm Km 3 m? m United rates RQAD SURFACKNG MACHWE James J. Madisonand Fred'B. Wilson, Memphis, Tenn.

Application February 15, 1957, Serial No. 640,547

6 Claims. (Cl. 94-46) This invention relates to certain new and usefulimprovements in means for finishing road surfaces, and in particularrelates to leveling means for enhancing the utility and efliciency ofpaving surface finishers.

Conventional road surfacing machinery in general comprise a tractordevice embodying a number of instrumentalities for depositing andspreading paving surfacing such as asphalt or the like, and so-calledscreed means for smoothing and finishing the course of pavement beinglaid. Much difiiculty has been heretofore encountered in connection withirregularities in level of the road bed upon which the paving is to belaid, resulting in undesirable irregularities in thickness of pavingsurface and substantial failure to eliminate comparable irregularitiesin the final finished surface of the road under construction. Whileattempts have been made to solve this problem, all known attempts haveproven inadequate for the purpose and have been limited to certainspecialized uses on particular types and kinds of road surfacingcourses, and have been limited in utility and efficiency.

The principal difficulty heretofore encountered has resulted from theexistence, particularly in roads being resurfaced, of irregularities inlevel of a length in excess of the wheel base of the screed-carryingtractor device. The present invention basically proposes to overcomethis difiiculty by providing means for effectively extending thesupporting base for the screed means to a length in excess of twice theoriginal length of the wheel base of the tractor, and to so adapt thestructure that the conventional screed means become, in essence,strike-off means.

A further problem encountered is in connection with the adjustability ofscreed means to provide for road crown, and the present inventioncontemplates the provision of supporting sled means and adjustment meansfor coordinately adjusting the sled means to fit the crown establishedby the supported screed means.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a new andnovel means for maintaining surface .level in road finishing machinery.

A further object of the invention is to provide such means whichcomprise elongated composite arms pivotally connected with ascreed-carrying tractor device and extending rearwardly therebeyond,with a pair of sled means connected with the elongated arms andsupporting the rearward end of said arms to effect screed suspensionsupport intermediate the tractor device and the sled means.

A further object of the invention is 'to provide means for adjustablyinterconnecting such sled means to establish and maintainlroad crowningposition.

A further object of the invention is to provide new and novel means ofconnecting such sled means with supporting arms.

A further object of the invention is to provide con necting meansbetween such suPpOrting arms and sled means which include a universaljoint action; and

A further object of the invention is generally to im- Hoe 2 prove thedesign, construction and efiiciency of road finishing machinery.

The means by which the-foregoing and other objects of the presentinvention are accomplished and the manner of their accomplishment willbe readily understood from the following specification upon reference tothe accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View of a road surfacing machine embodyingthe present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the device of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken as on the line III-III of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevational view on an enlarged scaleillustrating the leveling means of themesent invention, with parts beingbroken away and removed for purposes of illustration.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary rear viewof the device as seen in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary top'plan view of the device as seen in Figs. 4and 5.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view on a further enlarged scale, partly insection, illustrating a preferred embodiment of universal jointconnection for the sled means of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 illustrating release positionof thejoint connection.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary enlarged rear view illustrating the connectionbetween the sled means of the present invention.

Referring now to the drawings in which the various parts are indicatedby numerals, the present invention is particularly adapted for use forthe improvement of the operation of substantially conventionalsurface-levelling and course-laying devices of a .type well-known in theart and field.

The conventional device .is primarily embodied in a tractor or similarunit 11, which preferably includes a pair of crawler-type tracks. Thetractor device comprises the usual motor, conventional controls, seatand other accessories, which are not here referred to by numerals sinceit is believed they are so well-known to those skilled in the art so asto require no other specific identification.

As is well-known, such devices comprise means for depositing roadsurfacing material such as asphalt or other suitable surfacings, withthe depositing devices being located adjacent the rear of the tractordevice, and with the road contacting treads or track devices 13 beingpositioned forwardly of the zone of surfacing material deposit.Rearwardly of the depositing zone, and preferably supported at therearmost end of tractor 11 are screed means 15 "which extendtransversely substantially the Width of the course being laid and arepreferably centrally divided into sections 15A, 15B and provided withcentral adjustment means 17 for the purpose of altering the relativeangularity of the divided screed means to provide for a positive ornegative crowning of the road surfacing as maybe desired.

It will be understood that by the term positive crowning it is meantthat the respective screed members are centrally upwardly inclined fromthe horizontal in order to provide a central crown in the roadsurfacing, with the road surfacing declining away from the centralcrown; while by the term negative crowning it is meant that therespective screed members are arranged centrally de clined from thehorizontal so that the center of the road surface is depressed andoutwardly from the central portion the road surface is upwardlyinclined.

Preferably adjustment means 17 provides a central connection betweenscreed sections 15A, 15B, and adjacent their outer ends the respectivescreed sections are connected as by suitable screw means 18 to therearward ends of side arm 19. The rear ends of the respective side arms3 I 19 are disposed to extend slightly beyond the rear end of tractor11, and thus the screed means are disposed rearwardly of the tractor proper. At their forward ends side arms 19 are pivotally connected asat-21 to tractor 11.

Adjacent the rear ends of side arms 19- an intermediate portion 23A ofrelatively greatly elongated extension arms 23 are pivotally connectedto the side arms 19. Preferably the extension arms 23 include theintermediate portion 23A which is disposed in a diagonally inclinedposition as best seen in Figs. 1 and 4, a forward portion 233 which isconnected with the forward and upper end of intermediate portion 23A,and a rearward or attachment portion 230 which is connected with thelower and rearward end of intermediate portion 23A.

The connection of extension arms 23 to side arms 19. is accomplishedpreferably by pivots 25 so as to hingedly connect extension arms 23 tothe rearward end of side arms 19, thus providing an elongated compositehinged arm means consisting respectively of a side arm 19 and anextension arm 23, with the screed means 15 being disposed approximatelyadjacent the hinged connection between the arm components of the hingedcomposite arm means. Preferably extension arms 23 respectively aredisposed outwardly from side arms 19.

Adjacent the forward end of forward arm portion 23B a thrust screw 27provided with suitable handle means 28 is threadedly engaged with aninternally threaded block .29. The lower end of thrust screw 27 seatssolidly upon an abutment seat 31 which is carried by a suitable bracket32 rigidly fixed to the outer portion of side arm 19 intermediate thelength of the side arm. It will be observed that forward arm portion 23Bis outwardly offset from side arm 19, and is disposed at a level abovethe level of side arm 19. Thrust screw 27 provides means for adjustingthe angular relationship between side arm 19 and arm portion 238, andconsequently provides means for adjusting the hinged position of thecomposite portions of the hinged arm means.

Preferably rearward arm portions 230, connected at their forward endswith the rearward end of intermediate portion 23A, extend rearwardlytherefrom and converge inwardly, as best shown in Fig. 2. Suitablebracing, including a cross brace 33 and intermediate diagonals 35, areprovided for bracing and maintaining rear arm portions 23C in theirrelatively spaced position. Preferably the diagonals 35 at their innerends are each pivoted to a plate 37 carried by cross brace 33.

To the rearmost ends of arm portions 230 are respectively connectedupright posts 39. Preferably arm portions 23C at their rear ends areprovided with enlarged collars 41 in which the upper ends of posts 39are inserted and retained against relative vertical movement as by keys43. For additional stability an X-bracing 45 is secured at its oppositeends to the upper and lower portions of arm portions 23C, the X-bracingbeing disposed closely adjacent to collars 41 and rearwardly of thecross bracing 33, 35.

A knuckle joint 47 is fixed to the lower end of each of the posts 39.Preferably the knuckle joint 47 includes a housing 49 having arearwardly disposed domed portion 51 which is adapted to engage with aball member 53, and the knuckle joint 47 is provided with releasableclamp means for locking the ball in the housing against separationtherefrom while permitting relative rotation therebetween. Preferablythe clamp means comprises a slide plate 55 mounted in housing 49, theslide plate 55 being engaged by a rotatable cam 57 which is connectedwith an external toggle arm 59 for shifting the clamp plate 55 towardand away from ball 53 to lock and unlock the ball into the housing. Ball53 is preferably provided with a downwardly projecting stud 61. Eachball member 53 is connected by its stud 61 to one of a pair of beammemllajzrs 63, which each form a part of a pair of sled mem- 4 Each ofthe sled members 65 comprises a substantially flat, rectangular baseplate 67, which forms a smooth under surface for the sled member and isadapted to seat upon the underlying road bed or course being finishedand smoothingly to be moved therealong. Each of the plates is providedwith a peripheral strengthening framework 69. Extending from each of thesled frames 69 to an adjacent portion of rear arm portion 23C is anadjustable connection means 71, which is here shown as tumbuckle means.As can readily be seen, one of the turnbuckle rods 71A is swingablyconnected to an eye 73 rigidly fixed to a forward portion of sled frame69 and adjacent but spaced inwardly from the outer end of the sledmember. Theother turnbuckle rod 718 is swingably attached to a connector75 mounted rigidly on arm portion 230. The ends of rods 71A, 71B areoppositely threaded and are engaged by a turnbuckle barrel 71C,permitting adjustment of the length of the connection between theleading edge of the sled members and the extension arms. It will be seenthat the forward or leading edge of the respective sled members 65 maybe raised or lowered relative to extension arms 23 by the adjustment ofthe length of the connection means 71.

Closely adjacent to but spaced outwardly from the inner ends of therespective sled members 65 are rigidly mounted upstanding standards 77which may be formed, as shown, of angle members, or other suitablestructural members. To one of the standards 77 one end of a spacermember 79 is fixed, being shown as the right hand standard 77 in Figs. 5and 6. Spacer member 79 preferably extends substantially horizontallyfrom the one standard to which it is rigidly fixed across the adjacentbut independent inner edges of the sled members and extends slidablythrough the opposite standard 77. Intermediate the standards 77 spacermember 79 is provided with a threaded section 81 which is engaged bylimit nuts 83, 84, and adjacent its free end may be provided with asmooth section 85 having a limit head 87. As can be seen, by simplyshifting the position of nut 83 along threaded portion 81 the relativeangularity between sled members 65 may be adjusted. This angularity isshown in Figs. 5 and 6 as adjusted to substantially a maximum positivecrowning as described hereinabove.

The sled members 65 at their inner ends are disposed with the inneredges of the base plates closely adjacent, but minutely spaced apart,and the sled members extend outwardly to provide a span substantially ofa length equal to the width of the course being laid. Preferably thesled members are hingedly interconnected, which interconnection is shownas comprising hinge means 88 disposed respectively adjacent the leadingedges of each of the sled members and adjacent the rearward or trailingedges of each of the sled members. Preferably each of the hinge means 88is disposed to lie between the innermost portions of sled frames 69 andeach of the hinge means may comprise a hinge pin 89 and a pair of hingeleaves 91. Pin 89, interposed between the sled members above the levelof base plates 67, serves to maintain the minor spacing between the sledmembers and to permit movement of hinge leaves 91 into positive crowningposition or negative crowning position of the sled members as heretoforedescribed. As shown in Fig. 9, when the sled members are substantiallyparallel and level hinge leaves 91, which are respectively rigidly fixedto the frame portions, are upstanding and substantially parallel. Whenmoved to positive crowning position (Fig. 5) the hinge leaves spreadsomewhat apart, and when moved to a negative crowning position, notshown, the hinge leaves move into converging relationship above thehinge pin. The sled members are held against relative lateral movementby extension arms 23, posts 39, X-bracing 45 and by hinge means 88,while permitting hinged movement to positions of angularity relative toeach other under the influence of spacer member 79 and standards 77, the

:aseaeea sled members being retained in such relative angularity by thespacer member.

It will be seen that as posts 39 are supported by sled members 65 therearward ends of extension arms 23 connected to the posts 39 aresupported and consequently the screed means 15 connected to side arms 19are suspended from the composite arms comprising side arms 19 andextension arms 23 at a point intermediate the sled members and theforward arm pivots 21, thus greatly increasing the effective supportingbase for the screed means.

As the device is utilized in the finishing of a road surfacing course,the road surfacing material is deposited in a conventional mannerwell-known to those skilled in the art forwardly of the screed means. Itis initially leveled off and smoothed by the screed means, but in theevent that the crawler tracks 13 of tractor 11 deposited for wardly ofthe screed means encounter an irregularity in surface of the uncoveredroad bed the greatly elongated composite arms 19, 23 preventexaggeration of vertical movement of the screed means and effectivelyaccomplish a substantial maintenance of the intermediately suspendedscreed means at desired surface finishing level. The sled members aresubsequently advanced over the laid and screed-leveled course andaccomplish a second smoothing and finishing of the course, thus moreeffectively providing a satisfactory surfacing for the roadway.

It will be observed that as heretofore pointed out the screed means maybe adjusted as to relative angularity in order to provide, if desired, acrown, either positive or negative, to the roadbed being finished.Through the use of spacer member 79 and limit nuts 83, 84 engagingstandards 77 the relative angularity between sled members 65 may besimilarly adjusted to correspond to the crowning established in thescreed means. The universal joint connection between the posts 39 andsled members 65 through the knuckle joints 47 permits the angularadjustment of the respective sled members relative to the posts, whilethe posts are maintained substantially perpendicular to the extensionarms 23. Additionally, the universal connection permits the raising orlowering of the leading edges of sled members 65 through the adjustmentof connections 71 which provides for establishing the plane of thesleds, with particular reference to the type of surfacing spread uponthe roadbed. Additionally, the knuckle joint connections between theposts and the sled members permit the use of the present device with thegreatly elongated composite arms 19, 23, even along curved roadsurfaces, since, as can be seen, the arms may be respectively turnedrelative to the sled members by virtue of the connection.

It will be seen that the sled members 65 may,'when de' sired, be readilydetached from rear posts 39 by a simple shift of the knuckle joint clampmeans from the position shown in Fig. 7 to the position shown in Fig. 8,releasing ball 53 from engagement by plate 55 and freeing the ball forseparation from housing 49. Posts 39 may then be lifted by arms 23 awayfrom the sled members, effecting completion of the detachment. In orderto provide for lifting of arm members 23, and to prevent undesiredjackknifing of arms 23 relative to arms 19, means are provided fordetachably connecting arms 23 to arms 19 at a point spaced from pivot25. Preferably threaded block 29 is apertured as at 93 in alinedregistry with a similar aperture formed in the upper portion ofbracket32. The aperture in bracket 32 being disposed substantially'aboveabutment seat 31 and being horizontally alined with aperture 93. A pin95 may be inserted in the alined apertures, as shown in Fig. 4, foreffectively keying the arms together and establishing a two-pointconnection between the arms so that ,the desired lifting may beaccomplished without hinged movement about pivot 25. For convenience pin95 may be connected to block 29 by a chain 97. Preferably hydraulicjacks 99 are carried by the opposite sides of tractor '11 and underlieside arms 19 forwardly .of

brackets 32 for effecting lifting of arms 19and consequently of arms 23to lift posts 39 away from the sled members.

'It will further be observed that when the sled members are attached,the thrust screws 27 are effective to accomplish adjustment of therelative height of the intermediately supported screed means, sinceraising or lowering of the rear end of arms 23 will effect a change inthe position of the arms 19 through pivots 25, consequently effectingadjustment of the height of the screed means relative to the roadbed.

We claim:

1. In road surfacing machinery which includes a trac tor device adaptedto deposit surfacing material along a road bed, a pair of side armsrespectively pivoted to opposite sides of said tractor device adjacentthe forward end of said tractor device and extending rearwardly intoadjacency with the rear end of said tractor device, and screed meansconnected to said arm means adjacent said rear end for levelling thedeposited material; means greatly elongating the effective base of saidmachinery and effecting suspension of said screed means intermediatesaid base when elongated comprising a pair of extension armsrespectively lying alongside a portion of said side arms and extendingrearwardly therebeyond, pivot means pivotally connecting an intermediateportion of each extension arm to the side arm proximate thereto adjacentthe rear ends of said side arms, thrust means carried by said extensionarms forwardly of said pivot means,.abutment means fixed to said sidearms underlying said thrust means and engaged thereby, said thrust meansbeing adjustable relative to said abutment means for varying the angularrelationship between said side arms and related said extension armsforwardly of said pivot means to vary the elevation of the rearward endsof said extension arms, a pair of upright posts respectively connectedto and extending below said extension arm rear ends, a pair of sledshingedly connected adjacent their inner ends, releasable knuckle jointmeans connecting the lower ends of said posts to said sleds whereby saidsleds effect support of said extension arms, said sleds being ofsubstantially the same width and the total Width of said sleds beingsubstantially equal to the width of said tractor means, each said sledincluding a flat plate-like base coextensive with the said width of saidsled, adjustment means connecting the leading edge of each said sled toits related said extension arm for adjusting the elevation of theleading edge of said sled relative to its said arm, adjustable spacermeans above the inner portions of said sleds interconnecting theadjacent inner portions of said sleds for establishing the planarangularity of said sled bases relative to each other, said jointconnections providing for adjusting movements of said sleds relative tosaid posts without disturbing the position of said posts relative tosaid arms.

2. In road surfacing machinery which'includes a tractor device adaptedto deposit surfacing material along a road bed, a pair of side armsrespectively pivoted to opposite sides of said tractor device adjacentthe forward end of said tractor device and extending rearwardly intoadjacency with the rear end of said tractor device, and screed meansconnected to said arm means adjacent said rear end for levelling thedeposited material; means greatly elongating the effective base of saidmachinery and effecting suspension of said screed means intermediatesaid base when elongated comprising a pair of extension armsrespectively lying alongside a portion of said side arms and extendingrearwardly therebeyond, pivot means pivotally connecting an intermediateportion of each extension arm to the side arm proximate thereto adjacentthe rear ends of said side arms, means for varying the angularrelationship between said side arms and related said extension armsforwardly of said pivot means to vary the elevation of the rearward endsof said extension arms, a pair of upright posts respectively connectedto and extending below said extension arm rear ends, a pair of sledshingedly connected adjacent their inner ends, releasable knuckle jointmeans connecting the lower ends of said posts to said sleds whereby saidsleds effect support of said extension arms, said sleds being ofsubstantially the same width and the total width of said sleds beingsubstantially equal to the width of said tractor means, each said sledincluding a flat plate-like base coextensive with the said width of saidsled, adjustment means connecting the leading edge of each said sled toits related said extension arm for adjusting the elevation of theleading edge of said sled relative to its said arm, adjustable spacermeans above the inner portions of said sleds interconnecting theadjacent inner portions of said sleds for establishing the planarangularity of said sled bases relative to each other, said jointconnections providing for adjusting movements of said sleds relative tosaid posts without disturbing the position of said posts relative tosaid arms.

3. In road surfacing machinery which includes a tractor device adaptedto deposit surfacing material along a road bed, a pair of side armsrespectively pivoted to opposite sides of said tractor device adjacentthe forward end of said tractor device and extending rearwardly intoadjacency with the rear end of said tractor device, and screed meansconnected to said arm means adjacent said rear end for levelling thedeposited material; means greatly elongating the effective base of saidmachinery and effecting suspension of said screed means intermediatesaid base when elongated comprising a pair of extension armsrespectively lying elongside a portion of said side arms and extendingrearwardly therebeyond, pivot means pivotally connecting an intermediateportion of said extension arm to the side arm proximate thereto adjacentthe rear ends of said side arms, means for varying the angularrelationship between said side arms and related said extension armsforwardly of said pivot means to vary the elevation of the rearward endsof said extension arms, a pair of upright posts respectively connectedto and extending below said extension arm rear ends, a pair of sledshingedly connected adjacent their inner ends, releasable knuckle jointmeans connecting the lower ends of said posts to said sleds whereby saidsleds effect support of said extension arms, said sleds being ofsubstantially the same width and the total width of said sleds beingsubstantially equal to the width of said tractor means, each said sledincluding a fiat plate-like base coextensive with the said width of saidsled, adjustable spacer means above the inner portions of said sledsinterconnectng the adjacent inner portions of said sleds forestablishing the planar angularity of said sled bases relative to eachother, said joint connections providing for adjusting movements of saidsleds relative to said posts without disturbing the position of saidposts relative to said arms.

4. In road surfacing machinery which includes a tractor device adaptedto deposit surfacing material along a road bed, a pair of side armsrespectively pivoted to opposite sides of said tractor device adjacentthe forward end of said tractor device and extending rearwardly intoadjacency with the rear end of said tractor device, and

screed'means connected to said arm means adjacent said rear end forlevelling the deposited material; means greatly elongating the effectivebase of said machinery and effecting suspension of said screed meansintermediate said base when elongated comprising a pair of extensionarms respectively lying alongside a portion of said side arms andextending rearwardly therebeyond, pivot means pivotally connectinganintermediate portion of each extension arm to the side arm proximatethereto adjacent the rear ends of said side arms, means for varying theangular relationship between said side arms and related said'extensionarms forwardly of said pivot means to vary the elevation of the rearwardends of said extension arms, a pair of upright posts respectivelyconnected to and extending below said extension arm rear ends, a

' pair of interconnected sleds, releasable knuckle joint meansconnecting the lower ends of said posts to said sleds whereby said sledseffect support of said extension a'rms, said sleds being ofsubstantially the same width and the total width of said sleds beingsubstantially equal to the width of said tractor means, each said sledincluding a Hat plate-like base coextensive with the said width of isaid sled, adjustment means connecting the leading edge of each saidsled to its related said extension arm for adjusting the elevation ofthe leading edge of said sled relative to its said arm, said jointconnections providing for adjusting movements of said sleds relative tosaid posts without disturbing the position of said posts relative tosaid arms.

5. In road surfacing machinery which includes a tractor device adaptedto deposit surfacing material along a road bed, a pair of side armsrespectively pivoted to opposite sides of said tractor device adjacentthe forward end of said tractor device and extending rearwardly intoadjacency with the rear end of said tractor device, and screed meansconnected to said arm means adjacent said rear end for levelling thedeposited material; means greatly elongating the effective base of saidmachinery and effecting suspension of said screed means intermediatesaid base when elongated comprising a pair of extension armsrespectively lying alongside a portion of said side arms and extendingrearwardly therebeyond, pivot means pivotally connecting an intermediateportion of each extension arm to the side arm proximate thereto adjacentthe rear ends of said side arms, means for varying the angularrelationship between said side arms and related said extension armsforwardly of said pivot means to vary the elevation of the rearward endsof said extension arms, a pair of upright posts respectively connectedto and extending below said extension arm rear ends, a pair ofinterconnected sleds, releasable knuckle joint means connecting thelower ends of said posts to said sleds whereby said sleds effect supportof said extension arms, said sleds being of substantially the same widthand the total width of said sleds being substantially equal to the Widthof said tractor means, each said sled including a fiat plate-like basecoextensive with the said width of said sled, said joint connectionsproviding for adjusting movements of said sleds relative to said postswithout disturbing the position of said posts relative to said arms.

6. In road surfacing machinery which includes a tractor device adaptedto deposit surfacing material along a road bed, a pair of side armsrespectively pivoted to opposite sides of said tractor device adjacentthe forward end of said tractor device and extending rearwardly intoadjacency with the rear end of said tractor device, and screed meansconnected to said arm means adjacent said rear end for levelling thedeposited material; means greatly elongating the effective base of saidmachinery and effecting suspension of said screed means intermediatesaid base when elongated comprising a pair of extension armsconnecting'the lower ends of said posts to said sleds whereby said sledseffect support of said extension arms, said sleds being of substantiallythe same width and the total 'width of said sleds being substantiallyequal to the 9 Width of said tractor means, each said sled including aReferences Cited in the file of this patent 5251-2211?finitififiiiii$$$2iii$iiiii5,3223%; UNITED STATES PATENTS of saidsleds relative to said posts without disturbing 2,351,593 Barbe?June201944 the position of said posts relative to said arms. 5 2589256Hommg 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 843,856 Germany Sept. 15, 1952

